Lathe



(No Model.)

J. LAURE-NT.

LATHE.

NO- 269'686' Patented Dec. 25, 1882- Unitarian 'STATES PATENT 'erica JACQUES LAURENT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

LATH E.-

SPECIFICATION formng part of Letters Patent No. 269,686, dated December 26, 1882.

Application filed March 1G, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACQUES LAURENT, of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lathes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to lathes inwhioh the work is carried by a rotary spindle and two rests; or a compound rest havinga movement parallel with and transverse to the spindle is employed to carry the cutter or cutters.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a lathe for turning articles upon which a number of-cuts are to be made in different directions, both parallel with and transverse to the rotary spindle carrying the work-suoli, for instance, as the annular portions of watchcases-which shall be entirely automatic in its action.

To this end my invention consists essentially in a novel combination, with a rotary spindle for carrying the work, ot'two slides carrying a cutter or cutters, and adapted to move, one in a longitudinal direction or parallel with the axis of said spindle, and the other'iu a direction transverse thereto, for producing corresponding movements of said cutter or cutters, cams whereby the two slides are moved to carry the cutter or cutters mounted upon the m away from the work, and springs or weights applied one to each slide for moving said slides automatically in the opposite direction to apply the cutter or cutters to the work. I also combine with the above rotary gage-wheels having portions of various projection, which regulate or control the distances to which the two slides may be moved by their springs or weights at each cut, vand which therefore correspondingly vary the forms of the articles produced. After each eut the slides are both moved back to a common starting-point, and either slide may be arrested or stopped by its gagewheel at any pointin its movement, thus causing the other slide to move alone in a straight line, either parallel with or transverse to the axis of the rotary spindle, for producing either a straight cylindric or peripherical cut upon the work, or a facing cut, according as one or the other ofthe rests is arrested or stopped and held stationary. I also combine with the other parts of the lathe devices whereby the cams for moving the slides are automatically stopped at any predetermined time after a sufiicient number of cuts have been made to complete the work, as more fully hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a plan view of ainachine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a side elevation thereof, lookin g from the left toward the right hand. Fig. 3 represents a transverse vertical section ofthe machine upon the dotted line x, Fig. l, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows; and Fig. et represents a sectional View of a portion of the annular part of a watch-case upon an enlarged scale.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Although my invention is applicable to' lathes or machines for turning various arti# cles, I have here represented the severalparts constructed and organized for the turning of the annular parts or centers of watch-cases.

Referring to Fig. 4l, A designates the annular portion or center of a watch-case which it is desired to turn. The inner' surface, ,thereof may be bored out or turned in any suitable or common way, and the surfaces b b b2 b3 b4 b5 116 are to be turned in my improved machine. To do this the following cuts are to be made, viz: first, a facing cut across the surface b transverse to the axis; second, a facing cut across the surface b2, the surface b being turned at the same time by the end of the cutter; third and fourth, two cylindric or peripherical cuts across the surface b3, one after the other; fth, a facing cut across the surface b4, the surface b5 being turned by the end ot' the cutter; and, sixth, a facing cut across the surface be. Six cuts are therefore necessary.

Turning, now, to a description of the machine, B designates a bed or base plate, and C designates a head-stock erected thereon and carrying a spindle, D, which is rotated'by a belt upon the pulleys D. The spindle D carries a chuck, D2, whereou the ring or piece A is placed to be turned.

E and F designate two single slides or rests, which are arranged one-upon the other, and the upper slide or rest, F, carries a tool-post,

Ion

(j, which has a rotary adjustment, and carries two cutters,c c', 0r a single cutter,as may be necessary. The two slides or rests E F each have an independent movement; but obviously the movement of the ,lower slide or rest, E, produces a corresponding movement of theupper slide or rest, F7 while the latter has its own independent movement. The lower slide or rest, E., is adapted to move in a longitudinal direction parallel with the axis of the spindle D, and the upper rest, F, is adapted to move in a direction transverse thereto or transverse to the spindle D. rIhe two slides or rests are adapted to move upon dovetailed guides or slideways, as shown in Fig. 3, in a manner similar to that in which all lathe-rests are moved. ln Fig. l the two slides are represented as returned nearly to their normal position or starting-point, the rest F being moved at its greatest distance away from the axis of the spindle D and the rest E at nearly its eXtremeleft position. The rest E is acted upon by a spring, d, (shown in Fig. 3,) which exerts a constant tendency to move the rest in the direction of the arrow l, (shown in Fig. 1,) or toward the right, and the rest F is acted upon by a spring, e, (shown in Fig. 3,) which exerts a constant tendency to move the rest in the direction of the arrow 2, (shown in Fig. 1,) or inward toward the axis of the spindle D. ln lieu ofthe spiral springs d 0 here represented, springs of other form, or their equivalents7 weights, might be used.

II designates a shaft arranged parallel with the spindle D, which is rotated b v a wormshaft or screw,I,engaging with a worm-wheel, II', thereon. The shatt I derives rotary motion by means of belts J J and a countershaft, J2, from the spindle D, as clearly represented in Fig. l.

Upon the shaft H are fitted two cams, K L. the former of which is arranged to operate upon the lower rest, E, while the latter is arranged to operate on the upper rest, F. These two cams move the rests E F against the force of their springs d e to carry the cutters c c away from the work; and it will be readily understood that the two rests are advanced in the directions indicated by the arrows 1 and' 2 as fast as such movements are permitted by the cams, the said rests following the cams in their let-eti" movtm'ents. The-rests E F are moved to cause thecutters c c to make one cut, andare returned to their starting-point at each revolution ofthe cam-shaft H, and as six cuts are necessary to complete the work the shaft H should make six revolutions, after which it is desirable to stop it to prevent further operation'of the machine until a new piece of work is placed therein. The bearingj', which supports the inner end of the shaft I, is adapted to slide away from the shaft, and thereby permit the worm to drop out of the worm-wheel H and stop the shaft II.

M designates '.r cam adapted to rotate in a horizontal plaire and to move back the bearing j' at each revolution. Upon the cam M are six teeth, g, and upon the shaft H is a cam consisting ofadisk. 71., having in it a pin, h. At each revolution ofthe shaft H the pin h acts upon one of the teeth g and moves the cam M ahead one-sixth of a turn; and at the sixth revolution of said shaft the cam is moved so as to slide back the bearing lfand drop the shaftl. The movable bearing and its shaft constitute what may be regarded as a clutch, and in lieu thereof any other form of clutch may be used to stop the shaft H after a nurnber of revolutions corresponding with the number ot' cuts to be made.

I desire to have it understood that the amount ot' movement ot' the rests E F permitted by the cams K L is the same at'each revolution of the cams, and should be sufficient to enable the cutters c c to move far enough in both directions to complete any ofthe cuts to he made.

N O designate two gagewheels, which are respectively carried by the rests E F, and which each have arms or projections of different lengths, equal in number to the number of cuts to be madein the present example ot' my invention, six. These gage-wheels have a step-by-step rotary movement imparted to them by spring-actuated pawlsj, attached to the parts upon which the rests slide, and respectivelyactingon ratchet-teeth in the gagewheels N 0, equal in number to the numberot' projections on said wheels. As the rests E F are moved back by the cams K L the gagewheels N O engage with their pawls J12 j, and are turned one sixth ot' a turn, and the rests move forward under the intiuence ot' their springs d c until the arm or projection on one or the other of thc gage-wheels strikes against astationary stop, which may consist ofthe end of the guide on which the rest slides, whereupon that rest is stopped, while the other rest continues its forward movement.

In the operation of my machine the form given to the finished article depends solely on the relative lengths of corresponding projections in the two gagewvhecls N O. For exaluple, when the surface b of the piece A is to be faced, both the rests E F move inward under the pressure of their springs d e until the cutter c comes opposite that part. At this time the projection on the wheel N strikes its stop and the rest E can move no farther, after which the rest F moves straight inward and the cutter c faces the surface b, and both rests are then returned to their startingpoint. At the next operation the rests move together until the critter' c is opposite the surface b2, when the rest E is stopped by its gage-wheel N, while the rest F moves directly inward, causing the cutter c to finish the surfaces b b2, after which both rests return to the startingpoint; At the third and fourth operations the rests both move toward the work until the gage-wheel 0 arrests the rest F, whereupon the rest E moves in a direction parallel with the spindle D, and the cutter c makes two cuts over the cylindric portion b3. Atthe fifth and IOO IIO

IIS

lsixth operations the rest E is arrested first,

v tern required.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure b v Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a rotary spindle and the two slides carrying a cutter or cutters, one ot' which slides has a movement parallel with the axis of said spindle and the other a movement transverse thereto,wherebythe cutter or cutters may be moved in both directions, ot springs or weights applied one to each slide for moving said slidesinward automatically to applythe cutter or cutters, and cams for movingr said slidesin the opposite directions against said springs'or weights, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, with the rotary spindle and two slides carrying a cutter or cutters, one of which slides has a movement parallel with the axis of the spindle and the other a movement transverse thereto, whereby the cutter or cutters may be moved in both said directions, ot' springs 0r Weights applied one to each slide for moving;r said slides inward automatically to apply the cutter or cutters, cams for moving said slides in the opposite directions, and gage-wheels having projections of different lengths for controlling and limiting the inward movements of` said slides, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the spindle D, slides E F and their actuating springs or weights.. cams K L, gage-wheels N O, .and pawlsij, all substantially as and't'or the purpose specilied.

l4. The combination, with the rotary spindle and two slides, carrying` a cutter or cutters, one ofwhich rlides has a movement parallel with the axis ot' the spindle and the other a movement transverse thereto, whereby the cutter or cutters may be moved in both said directions, ot' springs or weights for moving said slides inward to apply the cutter or cutters, a shaft andcams thereon for moving said slides in the opposite'directions, and a device for au tomatically disengaging` said shaft from its driving mechanism, all substantially as and for the purpose specilied.

JACQUES LAURENT.

Witnesses FREDK. HAYNEs, ED. MoRAN. 

